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Thurstan
Thurstan or Turstin of Bayeux (c. 1070 – 6 February 1140) was a medieval Archbishop of York, the son of a priest. He served kings William II and Henry I of England before his election to the see of York in 1114. Once elected, his consecration was delayed for five years while he fought attempts by the Archbishop of Canterbury to assert primacy over York. Eventually, he was consecrated by the pope instead and allowed to return to England. While archbishop, he secured two new suffragan bishops for his province. When Henry I died, Thurstan supported Henry's nephew Stephen of Blois as king. Thurstan also defended the northern part of England from invasion by the Scots, taking a leading part in organising the English forces at the Battle of the Standard (1138). Shortly before his death, Thurstan resigned from his see and took the habit of a Cluniac monk.
==Early life==
Thurstan was the son of a canon of St Paul's in London named Anger, Auger or Ansgar, who held the prebend of Cantlers. Another son of Anger, Audoen, was later Bishop of Évreux.〔Greenway ''(Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 1: St. Paul's, London: Prebendaries: Cantlers )''〕〔Hollister ''Henry I'' p. 242–244〕〔Spear "Norman Empire and the Secular Clergy" ''Journal of British Studies'' p. 5〕〔Keats-Rohan ''Domesday Descendants'' p. 151〕 Thurstan's mother was named Popelina.〔 Thurstan was born sometime about 1070 in the Bessin region of Normandy. Before 1104 the father was given the prebend of Cantlers by Maurice, Bishop of London, and the family moved to England.〔Burton "Thurstan" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''〕
Early in his career, Thurstan held the prebendary of Consumpta per mare in the diocese of London,〔Greenway ''(Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 1: St. Paul's, London: Prebendaries: Consumpta-per-Mare )''〕 and served both William Rufus and Henry I as a royal clerk.〔Greenway ''(British History Online Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 6: York: Archbishops )''〕 At some point in Thurstan's early career, he visited Cluny, where he vowed to become a Cluniac monk later in his life.〔 Thurstan also served Henry as almoner,〔Barlow ''English Church'' p. 83〕 and it was Henry who obtained Thurstan's election as Archbishop of York in August 1114.〔Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 281〕 He was ordained a deacon in December 1114 and ordained a priest on 6 June 1115〔 by Ranulf Flambard, who was Bishop of Durham.〔Mason "Flambard, Ranulf" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''〕
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